Recensioni — 29/06/2024 at 16:05

Il riformatore del mondo al Fabbricone di Prato

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RUMOR(S)CENA – PRATO – Thomas Bernhard è stato il più grande scrittore e drammaturgo austriaco del secondo Novecento. Appartato, coltissimo, feroce oppositore della politica e dei costumi dell’Austria non più felix, Bernhard ci ha  lasciato capolavori letterari quali   Perturbamento, Il Soccombente, Estinzione, Il nipote di Wittengstein e molti altri in uno scavo impietoso e grottesco della società austriaca dagli anni Cinquanta alla sua morte, avvenuta nel 1989 a 59 anni. Intellettuale scomodo, misantropo, ha spesso descritto nei suoi romanzi e drammaturgie figure di accademici e artisti inquieti,  famiglie al limite della follia, come in Ritter Dene Voss, con alle spalle gli spettri del nazismo che in Austria ha dato i natali a Hitler e a molti ufficiali delle SS. Il Riformatore del mondo è una scrittura graffiante, che si presta a più interpretazioni rispetto alle dinamiche di coppia che abbiamo visto in scena. Infatti sono proprio una coppia Il Riformatore (un Roberto Capuano in superba prova d’attore e di regia), e la sua serva forse amante Renata Palminiello. 

IL RIFORMATORE DEL MONDO, foto di Nicolò Feletti

Lui è un intellettuale anziano in preda a micro deliri di grandezza mentre sta per ottenere l’ambita laurea honoris causa per i suoi studi. Lei, l’amante convivente da vent’anni, una taciturna e sodale Renata Palminiello, in una recitazione essenziale, minimalista, antitetica agli eccessi umorali del partner. L’attrice si muove in una prova di attrice in perfetta sinergia con il registro peculiare della regia  che Capuano ha scelto di seguire  nella   sua personale interpretazione del testo  di Bernhard. Lo spazio scenico dove si svolge tutta l’azione, è quello  di un interno borghese asfittico se pur affacciato su ampi finestroni con poltrone e cassapanche mentre i pochi dialoghi fra i due protagonisti, a cui invece fanno da contraltare i monologhi   ossessivi del Riformatore, segnano la struttura drammaturgica  dell’intera piéce in un  pas à deux misteriosamente complice delle complesse  dinamiche di coppia.  Il testo dello scrittore viennese (che aveva deciso di impedire di mettere in scena in Austria per ben 50 anni tutte le sue opere), ha affascinato molti attori e intellettuali italiani nel corso del tempo. Ricordo di questa pièce l’allestimento con uno straordinario Gianrico Tedeschi (Premio UBU 1997/1998 come miglior attore) e le lezioni di un mio maestro Aldo Giorgio Gargani, studioso del pensiero mitteleuropeo che mi ha fatto conoscere Bernhard nel corso di Filosofia all’Università di Pisa.

il riformatore del mondo, foto di Andrea Bartolomeo

Si nota che a differenza di altre mise enespace, qui la relazione fra il vecchio intellettuale e la sua governante, presenta dei caratteri di forte ambiguità. Apparentemente succube di lui, la donna è di fatto, più potente. Lei esegue i suoi ordini senza replicare, in apparente assuefatta sottomissione e con precisione scientifica. Millimetrica, anche nello spostare i (pochi) mobili, come nell’atto di trascinare altre poltrone per accogliere gli accademici dentro la stanza in cui si sviluppa tutta l’azione drammaturgica. Quasi per paradosso, il professore entra in scena arrampicandosi da acrobata in camicia e mutande di un bianco fulminante a degli anelli sospesi per poi rifugiarsi in una pseudo immobilità sulla sua poltrona, privato delle gambe, proiettato nella sua lungodegenza di intellettuale che ha scritto un saggio degno di Laurea honoris causa che gli sarà conferita proprio a casa sua poche ore dopo. Saranno infatti gli accademici  ad andare  a casa sua e non lui nell’Università che gli ha assegnato l’onorificenza. In quanto lui non può (o forse non vuole) muoversi da quella stessa poltrona.

Il-riformatore-del-mondo foto Ilaria-Costanzo

Non è chiaro se in effetti sia handicappato, privato cioè dell’uso delle gambe oppure no. Nasconde e fa trapelare nella sua affabulazione ripetitiva, un cinismo che definire patriarcale e da delirio di onnipotenza , sarebbe far gioco a certe correnti femministe e da manuale psichiatrico del ventesimo secolo. Il Riformatore cioè il professore che scrive un Trattato sul miglioramento delle sorti del Mondo, che entra in scena come un funambolo aggrappandosi  da atleta modello Iuri Chechi agli anelli, nutre nel suo affabulare da flusso di coscienza, un odio divertito pure verso gli accademici che andranno a fargli visita per onorarlo dei suoi studi mentre, da alcune sue azioni appena accennate, forse potrebbe riuscire anche a stare in piedi da solo. E’ stato questo: Il Riformatore del mondo, l’ultimo e ottimo spettacolo della Stagione 2023/2024 del Metastasio di Prato diretto da Massimiliano Civica, riconfermato da poco direttore del MET per i prossimi tre anni.

IL RIFORMATORE DEL MONDO, foto di Nicolò Feletti

  

Il riformatore del mondo di Thomas Bernhard

regia Leonardo Capuano

con Leonardo Capuano e Renata Palminiello

traduzione Roberto Menin

voci Andrea Bartolomeo, Leonardo Capuano e Renata Palminiello

sound designer Francesco Giubasso

 scene e costumi Andrea Bartolomeo

light designer Gianni Staropoli

Produzione Teatro Metastasio di Prato e Compagnia Umberto Orsini

Prima Nazionale

Visto a Prato al Teatro Fabbricone, il 12 maggio 2024

 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       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